My primary research interest is the psychology of men and masculinity. My research has involved the development and evaluation of my theory of male identity: male reference group identity dependence. Therefore, my research has been evaluating the validity of the Reference Group Identity Dependence Scale (RGIDS), which was developed based on the theory. Multiculturalism is my philosophical and theoretical framework, which fuels my research interest in ego identity development, in particular, racial identity, ethnic identity, multiethnic identity, gender identity, and sexual identity. I also have an interest in substance abuse prevention and treatment. Listed below are some of the titles of dissertations I have directed.

• Motivation for substance abuse treatment: The relationship between stages of change, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and treatment attendance
• The impact of disclosure of mixed HIV status on social support, relationship satisfaction, and psychological distress for male mixed status couples
• Sexual reorientation efforts in dissatisfied same-sex attracted men: What does it really take to change
• Multiracial-Heritage Awareness and Personal Affiliation: Development and validation of a new measure to assess identity in people of mixed race descent
• The effects of separation from parents, attachment to parents, triangulation in marital conflict, and parental social support on college adjustment
• Ethnic identity and psychological adjustment in multiethnic college students
• The predictive effects of racial socialization, racial identity, and African self-consciousness on African American college adjustment and psychological defenses
• Attachment classification, parental bonding and parental authority as they relate to anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy from a multicultural perspective

American Psychological Association
Association for Psychological Science