Plato in a nutshell
The following is a brief summary of the main points of Plato's
philosophy we've covered in our discussions. Obviously, the
important thing is not that you memorize these points, but that
you understand their significance, their implications, and the
intricate considerations that lead to them and branch out of
them.
1. There is a priori knowledge
2. A priori knowledge requires only pure understanding
3. Pure understanding requires simple, universal concepts
4. Universal concepts have universal objects
5. Universal objects are not given in any experience
6. So, universal concepts are given in the soul without
experience (the role of experience being only the
"reactivation" of these concepts by serving as
reminders of the objects of these concepts)
7. The universal objects, the ideas, are the perfect archetypes
of the sensible particulars which imitate them in an imperfect,
limited manner
8. So the ideas are more real, for whatever they are, they are
necessarily, always and absolutely
9. The soul, having the same sort of nature, by nature belongs to
that reality
10. So life in the body should be directed towards purifying the
soul, restoring it in its pure, spiritual state in the afterlife,
exercising itself for that higher form of being already in this
life