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Main    Select Sources    Full Texts    Saints' Lives    Law Texts    Maps    Search    Help!   Part of ORB, Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies.     Selected   Sources   Sections Studying History End of Rome Byzantium Islam Roman Church Early Germans Celtic World Carolingians 10 C Collapse Economic Life Crusades Empire & Papacy France England Celtic States Iberia Italy Intellectual Life Medieval Church Jewish Life Social History Sex & Gender States & Society Renaissance Reformation Exploration

Paul Halsall, ORB sources editor The Internet Medieval Sourcebook is now part of  ORB, the Online Reference Book  for Medieval Studies. Since January 20, 1996, this page has been accessed  times note - this counter is approximate since it only records graphical hits Last Modified: March 27, 2007 Guide to Contents The structure of this section of the Sourcebook - devoted to secondary articles on the subjects covered by the source documents - mirrors that of the Selected Sources collection. You can browse through the entire list, or jump directly to the part that interests you by selecting the underlined links. Since virtually all these sources are at off-site locations, some will, inevitably, disappear. Notify me if this happens. Special Note to Undergraduate Students: The articles and books collected here may help you in writing papers. But you cannot depend on the Internet for material for papers. The net is just one more option for you to explore, but you need to use library resources as well. Main Page will take you back to Sourcebook main page. Full Texts  will take you to the index of full text medieval sources. Saints' Lives will take you to the page on hagiography. New Accessions Page will take you back to a file of Sourcebook contents organized by date of addition (so you can see what is new). Search the Sourcebook will enable searches of the full texts of all the source texts at Fordham, at ORB, or selected ancient, late antique, and medieval text databases. Selected Secondary Readings In Medieval History The End of the Classical World Pagan Late Antiquity Christian Late Antiquity The German Impact Byzantium General  Justinian  After Justinian  Iconoclasm  Byzantium - The Imperial Centuries (843-1204)  Late Byzantiun and Relations with the West (1204-1453)  Byzantine Religion  The Byzantine Commonwealth Islam Muhammad and Foundations - to 632 CE  Islamic Expansion and Empire - to 750 CE  Later Islamic History  The Formation of Latin Christendom The Roman Church  Monasticism  The Celtic World  The Carolingian Essor  Feudalism?    The Flowering of Latin Christendom The Western Recovery  The Commercial Revolution  Empire and Papacy - Investiture Controversy  Crusades  12th Century Thought  Western European Literature  Empire and Papacy- Barbarossa to Innocent III  England  The Rise of France  The Holy Roman Empire - Frederick II and After  Spain and Portugal  Parlimentary Origins in England     Medieval Life and Thought 13th Century Scholars and Scholasticism Criticism of Society - Heresy and Mendicancy  Law - Theory and Practice  Rural Life Medieval Jewish Life  Christian Spirituality Women's Roles Constructions of Sex and Gender Marriage    The Late Middle Ages The Papacy Overreaches The Calamitous 14th-Century Late Medieval Government Conciliarism Medieval People - Reflected in Literature    Transformations Italian Renaissance Reformation and Catholic Reformation Expansion Overseas

The End of the Classical World

PAGAN LATE ANTIQUITY

• Edward Gibbon: The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire [At CCEL}
  • Volume I
  • Volume II
  • Volume III
  • Volume IV
  • Volume V
  • Volume VI
• Paul Vinogradoff: Social and Economic Conditions of the Roman Empire in the Fourth Century, Cambridge Medieval History, Vol I. (1911), pp. 542-567, [At McMaster]
• Arnold Toynbee: Christianity and Civilization [At Church of Greece]
  A very different view than Gibbon's.
• Danielle Williams: The Life and Legacy of Hypatia, [At Bredband]
  
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CHRISTIAN LATE ANTIQUITY

• Testimonium Flavianum [At Upenn]
  On the texts about Jesus in Josephus.
• Eric J. Goldberg: The Fall of the Roman Empire Revisited: Sidonius Apollinaris and His Crisis of Identity, [At Essays in History 37/Virginia]
• James O'Donnell: The Demise of Paganism, Traditio 35, (1977), 45-88, [At UPenn]
• James O'Donnell: Augustine Page, with many secondary sources. [At UPenn].
• James O'Donnell: Augustine the African [At UPenn]
• James O'Donnell: Augustine [At UPenn]
• Gerald W. Schlabach: Friendship as Adultery: Social Reality and Sexual Metaphor in Augustine's Doctrine of Original Sin, Augustinian Studies 23 (December 1992): 125-147, [At St. Thomas]
• F.B.A. Asiedu: The Example of a Woman: Sexual Renunciation and Augustine's Conversion to Christianity in 386, University of Pennsylvania, February 1994
• Fr. Edmund Hill, OP: St Augustine — a male chauvinist?, [At EWTN]
• James O'Donnell: Cassiodorus [At UPenn]
• Michael Roberts: Poetry and the Cult of the Martyrs, [At Upenn]
  On Prudentius' Peristephanon
• Arther Ferrill: Attila the Hun and the Battle of Chalons [At History Eserver]
• Nonna Verna Harrison, The Feminine Man in Late Antique Ascetic Piety, Union Seminary Quarterly Review 48:3-4, [At Internet Archive, from Columbia U.]

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THE GERMAN IMPACT

• James O'Donnell: The Aims of Jordanes [At UPenn]
  
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Byzantium

BYZANTIUM- GENERAL

• Claudine Dauphin: Brothels, Baths and Babes: Prostitution in the Byzantine Holy Land, Classics Ireland 3, 1996 [At Internet Archive, from UCD]
  
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JUSTINIAN

• James Allan Evans: Justinian (527-565 A.D.) [At Roman Emperors]
  
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AFTER JUSTINIAN

• R. Scott Moore : Heraclius (October 5, 610 - February 641 A.D.) [At Roman Emperors]
  
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ICONOCLASM

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BYZANTINE IMPERIAL CENTURIES (843-1204)

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LATE BYZANTIUM AND RELATIONS WITH THE WEST (1204-1453)

• Jonathan Harris: Byzantines in Renaissance Italy, [At Orb]
  
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BYZANTINE RELIGION

• Stylianos G. Papadopoulos: The Holy Trinity and the Parousia of the Holy Spirit According to St. John Chrysostom  [At Orthodox Research Institute]
• Constantine Scouteris: Platonic Elements in Pseudo-Dionysius Anti-Manichaean Ontology [At University of Athens]
  
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THE BYZANTINE COMMONWEALTH

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Islam

MUHAMMAD AND FOUNDATIONS - TO 632 CE

• ISLAM - Summary [At Religious Tolerance]
  
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ISLAMIC EXPANSION AND EMPIRE - 750 CE

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LATER ISLAMIC HISTORY

• Kenneth Baxter: Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain (Cambridge University Press, 1988) [At Libro]
  
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The Formation of Latin Christendom

THE ROMAN CHURCH

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MONASTICISM

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THE CELTIC WORLD

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THE CAROLINGIAN ESSOR

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FEUDALISM?

• Paul Vinogradoff: The Foundations of Society (Origins of Feudalism), Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 2, (1913) pp. 630-654 [At McMaster] 1913
• Paul Vinogradoff: Feudalism, Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. 3, (1924) pp. 458-84 [At McMaster]
• John Sloan: The Stirrup Controversy, posted on discussion list mediev-l@ukanvm.cc.ukans.edu on 5 October 1994 as part of the thread "The Stirrup Controversy."
• Steven Lane: Review of Susan Reynolds, Fief and Vassals, [TMR]
• Jay Lathen Boehm: The Maintenance of Ducal Authority in Gascony: The Career of Sir Guy Ferre the Younger 1298-1320, [At Essay in history 34/Virginia]
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The Flowering of Latin Christendom

WESTERN RECOVERY

• Jessica A. Browner: "Viking" Pilgrimage to the Holy Land fram! fram! cristmenn, crossmenn, konungsmenn! (Oláfs saga helga, ch. 224.), [At Essays in History 34/Virginia]
• Gunnora Hallakarva: The Vikings and Homosexuality
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THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

EMPIRE AND PAPACY - INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY

• Domus Gratiani A Website devoted to Gratian.
• Louis Hamilton: A Liturgy of Reform: Bruno Segri's De Sacramentis Ecclesial and the Gregorian Reform, [At Essays in History 38/Virginia]
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THE CRUSADES

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12TH CENTURY THOUGHT

• Catholic Encyclopedia: Bernard of Clairvaux.
• Encyclopedia Britannica (9th Ed.): Saint Bernard of Clairvaux.
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WESTERN EUROPEAN LITERATURE

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EMPIRE AND PAPACY - BARBAROSSA TO INNOCENT III

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ENGLAND

• The History of England in the Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition [At 1911 Encyclopedia.org]
  
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THE RISE OF FRANCE

• Le Paris de Philippe Auguste [At Philippe-Auguste.com] [In French]
  
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SPAIN AND PORTUGAL

• Kenneth Baxter: Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain (Cambridge University Press, 1988) [At Libro]
• Aragonese Historiography in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries [At History Eserver]
• Charles Julian Bishko: The Frontier in Medieval History, 1955 [At Internet Archive, from Kansas]
• James Brodman: Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain: The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986), complete text [At UCA]
  
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THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE - FREDERICK II AND AFTER

• The Mongol Invasion of Europe June '97 Military History Feature [At Internet Archive]
  
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PARLIMENTARY ORIGINS IN ENGLAND

• Matthew Hale: The History of the Common Law of England, 1713 [At McMaster]
• F. W. Maitland: The Forms of Action at Common Law, 1909
• F.W. Maitland: Domesday Book and Beyond: Three Essays in the Early History of England [At McMaster] [Complete]
  One of the fundamental books of medieval English history.
  
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Medieval Life and Thought

13TH CENTURY SCHOLARS AND SCHOLASTICISM

• See Gary Macy's extensive online guide to Thirteenth century Medieval Theologians [At San Diego]
• D.J. Kennedy: St. Thomas Aquinas and Medieval Philosophy, (New York: The Encyclopedia Press, 1919), Full text. [At Notre Dame]
  Covers medieval philosophy from Anslem to Aquinas, from a Neo-Thomist perspective.
• Walter Farrell: A Companion to the Summa, (New York: Sheed & Ward, 1938--1942) (full text - 1,863 pages!) [At OP.Org]
  An attempt to put into modern English for a lay audience the essential arguments and insights of Aquinas' greatest work.
  
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CRITICISM OF SOCIETY - HERESY AND MENDICANCY

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LAW - THEORY AND PRACTICE

• Charles Casassa: Magister Vacarius 'hic en Oxenefordia legem docuit': (1) An Analysis of the Dessemination of Roman Law in the Middle Ages [At History Eserver]
• Charles Casassa: The Evolution of the Statutes of Bologna in the 13th Century. [At Internet Archive, from Kansas]
  
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RURAL LIFE

• Paul Vinogradoff: Agricultural Services, Economic Journal 10, 1900 [At McMaster]
• Paul Vinogradoff: Villainage in England: Essays in English Mediaeval History: Preface, (1892)[At McMaster]
• Paul Vinogradoff: Villainage in England: Essays in English Mediaeval History, (1892)[At McMaster]
  • Preface and Introduction
  • Essay One: The Peasantry of the Feudal Age
  • Essay Two: The Manor and the Village Community
• Paul Gans: Agricultural Tools [At Medieval Technology Page]
  
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MEDIEVAL JEWISH LIFE

Anti-Semitism

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CHRISTIAN SPIRITUALITY

• Evelyn Underhill: Mysticism: A Study in the Nature and Development of Spritual Consciousness [At CCEL]
• Gustave A. Arroyo: Les manuels de confession en castillan dans l'Espagne médiévale,
  Includes an first edition of the manual Cómmo el confessor, by Pedro Gómez de Albornoz.
  
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WOMEN'S ROLES

• Lina Eckenstein: Women Under Monasticism, Chapters on Saint-Lore and Convent Life Between A.D. 500 and A.D. 1500. (New York: Russell and Russell, 1963), chaps. 4, 6, 7, 9 [At Yale]
• Abby Stoner: Sisters Between Gender and the Medieval Beguines [At SFSU]
• James L. Matterer: Jeanne La pucelle and The Dying God [At CMU]
• T.L. Long: Julian and Medieval Gender
• Julian of Norwich: Her 'Showings' and Their Contexts [Website with various resources]
  
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CONSTRUCTIONS OF SEXUALITY AND GENDER

• For this subject the People With A History: An Online Guide to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans* History
• Richard Burton: Terminal Essay, from his edition of the Arabian Nights.
  Burton's compilation of data on variety of societies was meant to explain some of the stories in The Nights.
• Nonna Verna Harrison: The Feminine Man in Late Antique Ascetic Piety, [At Internet Archive, from Columbia U.]
• Claudine Dauphin: Brothels, Baths and Babes Prostitution in the Byzantine Holy Land, Classics Ireland 3, 1996 [At internet Archive, from UCD]
• Gunnora Hallakarva: The Vikings and Homosexuality
• John Addington Symonds (1840-1893): The Dantesqu and Platonic Ideals of Love (1893)
• Jo Ann Hoeppner Moran (Cruz): The Roman De La Rose and the Thirteenth Century Prohibitions of Homosexuality, (a paper prepared for the Georgetown University Cultural Studies Conference, "Cultural Frictions", October 27-28, 1995) [At Georgetown]
• Glenn Burger: Queer Performativity and the Natural in Chaucer's Physician's and Pardoner's Tales [At Georgetown]
• Robert L. A. Clark (Kansas State U.) & Claire Sponsler (U. Iowa): "Queer Play: The Cultural Work of Crossdressing in Medieval Drama", Cultural Frictions Conference, Georgetown U., 1995 [At Georgetown]
• Martin Irvine: The Pen(is), Castration, and Identity: Abelard's Negotiations of Gender, [At Georgetown]
• Jeffrey Jerome Cohen, et al: Medieval Masculinities: Heroism, Sanctity, and Gender [At Georgetown]
  
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MARRIAGE

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The Late Middle Ages

THE PAPACY OVERREACHES

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THE "CALAMITOUS" 14TH CENTURY

• Arthur Tilly: Medieval Armies and Navies, from Medieval France (1922), [At Hillsdale]
  
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LATE MEDIEVAL GOVERNMENT

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CONCILIARISM

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MEDIEVAL PEOPLE - REFLECTED IN LITERATURE

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Transformations

ITALIAN RENAISSANCE

• Jacob Burckhardt: The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy - a classic text scanned in by Skip Knox at Boise State University, Idaho.
• Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859): Essay On Machiavelli, 1850
  
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REFORMATION and CATHOLIC REFORMATION

• Introduction to Martin Luther: An Open Letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, 1520, [At CUIS],
• Tal Howard: Charisma and History: The Case of Münster, Westphalia, 1534-1535. [At Virginia]
  
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EXPANSION OVERSEAS

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