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Bishops/Patriarchs of Constantinople


Bishops of Byzantium - A Legendary Prelude?

In later Byzantine history the claim that the Patriarch of Constantinople was in lineal descent from Andrew, the first apostle, was promoted in contrast to the Roman claims of descent from Peter.

Demetrius Kymenas, deriving his comments from the Thriskeftiki kai Ethiki Encyclopaedia (Athens 1962-8) sums up the situation as follows:-

It is difficult to say where the legend stops and where reality beguns. However, the Apostle Andrew preached in the general area and according to the tradition he ordained the first bishop of Byzantium (Stachys), the first  bishop of Nicaea (Drakonteios), the first bishop of Chalkedon (Tychikos), the first bishop of Sinope (Philologos), the first bishop of Thracian Herakliea (Apellis), etc. (He ordained many of the Seventy Apostles as bishops in cities of Asia Minor, Thrace and Greece). Because the lord of the small cityof Byzantium, Xeuxikus, was brutal and a fanatic pagan who used to tie and throw in the sea any Christian who visited his city,  Andrew resided in nearby Argyroupolis (later a suburb of Constantinople), and there he stayed for two years during which time he managed to create a Christian community of 2000 people along with their church and episcopate. It is not clear if Stachys is the same person with the one the Apostle Peter calls "dear" in his letter to the Romans, but his memory is celebrated by the Orthodox church on October 31.

 

Here's the list, with some more comments taken mostly from Thriskeftiki kai Ethiki Encyclopaedia (Athens 1962-8)

 

Andrew the Apostle c.36-c.38, feast day November 30.
Stachys  38-54, feast day October 31.
Onesimus 54-68 
Polykarpos I 71-89
Plutarch 89-105
Sedekion 105-114
Diogenes 114-129
Eleutherios 129-136
Felix 136-141
Polycarpos II 141-144
Athenodoros 144-148.
In order to avoid pagan raids, Athenodorus left Argyroupolis and built a second episcopal church at a location farther away from the sea, called Elaia. This church was later expanded by Constantine the Great, who wished to be buried there-but that didn't occured as it was decided not to bury emperors outside the city walls. (The church was dedicated to the  Seven Maccabean Children and their teacher Eleazarus.)
Euzoios 148-154
Lawrence 154-166 (Laurentios)
His episcopate lasted 11 years and 6 months.
Alypios 166-169
Pertinax 169-187
Olympianos 187-198
Mark I 198-211
Philadelphos 211-217
Kyriacos I 217-230
Kastinos 230-237, feast day January 25.
He transfered his see to Byzantium and became the first Bishop to reside in the city.
Eugenios I 237-242.
Kedrinos calls him "second bishop" (Synopsis Istorion A', p.551), probably meaning the second bishop to reside in Byzantium.
Titos 242-272
Dometios 272-284
brother of the Roman Emperor Probus 276-282. He is believed to have built the fourth episcopal church inside Byzantium, dedicated to Saint Euphemia.
Rouphinos 284-293
Probos 293-306, son of Dometius
Metrophanes I 306-314
possibly son of Probus.

DATES1

DATES2

NAME

MONK

SAINT

FEAST DAY(S)

BISHOPS
211 217 Philadelphos
240 265 Eugenios I
284 293 Ruphinos I
306/307 314 Jun 4 Metrophanes I

y

06/04
314 337 Aug Alexander

y

08/31
337 339 Paul I (º1)

y

11/06
339 341 end Eusebios
341 end 342 beg Paul I (º2)
342 beg 346 beg Makedonios I (º1)
346 beg 351 end Paul I (º3)
351 end 360 Jan 27 Makedonios I (º2)
360 Jan 27 370 beg Eudokios
370 beg 380 Nov 26 Demophilos
370 Evagrios
379 381 Jun Gregory I Nazianzos

y

01/25
380 Maximos
PATRIARCHS
381 Jun 397 Sep 27 Nektarios

y

10/11
398 Feb 26 404 Jun 20 (exile) John I Chrysostom

y

y

09/14, 11/13
404 27 Jun 405 Nov 11 Arsakios

y

10/11
406 beg Mar 425 Oct 10 Attikos

y

10/11
426 Feb 28 427 Dec 24 Sisinnios I

y

10/11
428 Apr 10 431 Jul 11 Nestorios

n

431 Oct 25 434 Apr 12 Maximianos

y

11/20
434 Apr 12/13 446 Jul 12 Proklos

y

11/20
447 Jul 449 Aug 11 Flavianos

y

11/12, 02/17
449 Nov 458 Jul Anatolios

y

11/20, 07/03
458 Aug/Sep 471 Nov 20 Gennadios I

y

11/20, 08/25
472 Feb 489 Nov 26 Akakios
489 Dec 490 Mar Fravitas
490 spring 496 spring (exile) Euphemios
496 Jul 511Aug (exile) Makedonios II

y

04/23
511 Oct 518 Apr 5 Timothy I
518 Apr 17 520 Feb John II Kappodokos

y

08/25
520 Feb 25 535 Jun 5 Epiphanios

y

08/25, 06/06
535 Jun 536 bef Mar 13 dep Anthimos I

n

536 Mar 13 552 Aug 24 Menas

y

08/25
552 end Aug 565 Jan dep Eutychios (º1)

y

04/06
565 Jan 31 577 Aug 31 John III Antiochios or Scholastikos

y

08/31
577 Oct 3 582 Apr 5/6 Eutychios (º2)

*

582 Apr 12 595 Sep 2 John IV Nesteutes ("the Faster")

y

09/02, 02/18
595 end/596 beg 606 Oct 29 Kyriakos

y

10/30
607 Jan 23 610 Mar 10 Thomas I

y

03/19, 02/18
610 Apr 18 638 Dec 8/9 Sergios I
638 Dec 641 Sep Pyrrhos I (º1)
641 Oct 653 Dec Paul II
654 Jan 8/9 654 Jun 1 Pyrrhos I (º2)
654 Jun 666 Oct Peter
667 Apr 17 669 Nov 15 Thomas II

y

11/14
669 Nov 675 Aug John V

y

08/18
675 Sep 2 677 Aug 9 Constantine I

y

08/09
677 Aug/Sep 679 Nov/Dec Theodore I (º1)

y

12/27
679 Nov/Dec 686 Jan/Feb George I

y

08/18
686 Jan/Feb 687 Dec 28 Theodore I (º2)

*

688 Jan 694 Aug 20 Paul III

layman

y

08/20, (09/02)
694 Sep 706 spring Kallinikos I

y

08/23
706 spring 712 beg Kyros

y

01/07
712 beg 715 Jul/beg Aug John VI
715 Aug 11 730 Jan 17 Germanos I

y

05/12
730 Jan 22 754 Jan Anastasios

y

02/10
754 Aug 8 766 Aug 30 Constantine II

y

07/30
766 Nov 16 780 Feb 16 Niketas I
780 Feb 20 784 Aug 31 Paul IV

y

08/31
784 Dec 25 806 Feb 18 Tarasios

layman

y

02/25
806 Apr 12 815 Mar exile Nikephoros

[Basically a civil official, but became a monk before elevation to patriarchate]

y

y

06/02
815 Apr 1 821 about Jan Theodotos (Melissenos Kassiteras)
821 about Jan 837 bef Jan 21 Anthony I Kassimatas
837 Jan 21 843 Mar 4 John VII Morocharzanius (Grammatikos)
843 Mar 4/11 847 Jun 14 Methodios I

layman?

y

06/14
847 Jul 3 858 Oct dep Ignatios (º1)

y

y

10/23
858 Dec 25 867 Sep 23 Photios (º1)

layman, mon after

y

02/06
867 Nov 23 877 Oct 23 Ignatios (º2)

*

877 Oct 26 886 Sep 29/30 Photios (º2)

*

*

886 Dec 18 893 May 17/18 Stephen I

y

05/18
893 Aug 901 Feb 12 Anthony II Kauleas

y

02/12
901 Mar 1 907 Feb exile Nicholas I Mystikos (º1)

y

y

05/15
907 Feb 912 May 15 Euthymios I
911 May 15 925 May 15 Nicholas I Mystikos (º2)

*

*

925 Jun 29 928 Jul 18 Stephen II

y

07/18
928 Dec 14 931 Aug Tryphon

y

04/20
933 Feb 2 956 Feb 27 Theophylakt
956 Apr 3 970 Feb 5 Polyeuktos

y

02/05
970 Feb 13 974 prob Mar Basil I Skamandrenos
974 After Mar 979 bef April Anthony III Studites

y

979 Apr 991 Dec 16 Nicholas II Chrysoberges

y

12/16
Vacancy - 4 years
996 Apr 12 998 Aug 24 Sisinnios II

y

08/24
1001 Jun/Jul 1019 Jul Sergios II Manuelites
1019 Jul 1025 Nov/Dec bef 15 Eustathios
1025 Dec 15 1043 Feb 20 Alexios Studites

y

1043 Mar 25 1058 Nov 2 exile Michael I Kerularios
1059 Feb 2 1063 Aug 9/10 Constantine III Leichudes
1064 Jan 1 1075 Aug 2 John VIII Xiphilinos
1075 after Aug 2 1081 Ma7 8 abdic Kosmos I Hierosolymites

y

01/02

all above from SynCP

1081 May 1084 Jul abdic Eustratios Garidas
1084 Aug 1111 bef May 24 Nicholas III Kyrdiniates Grammatikus

y

1111 May 24 1134 end Apr John IX Agapetos

n

1134 May 1143 Jan Leo Stypes

n

1143 Jul 1146 Mar Michael I Kurkuas (Oxeites)
1146 end Apr 1147 Feb 26 dep Kosmos II Attikos
1147 Dec 1151 Mar/Apr abdic Nicholas IV Muzalon
btw 1151 Mar/Apr and 1152 Apr btw 1153 Oct and 1154 Oct (2 and ½ years) Theodotos
btw 1153 Oct and 1154 end Nov [less than a month - elected, not ordained] Neophytos I
1154 Nov 1157 end May Constantine IV Chliarenos
1156 Aug/Oct 1169 after Nov 19, bef 1170 Jan Lukas Chrysoberges

y

1170 bef Jan 30 1178 Mar Michael III Anchialos
1178 btw Mar/Aug 1179 btw Feb/Jul 30 [11 months] Chariton Eugeneiotes
1179 btw Feb/Jul 30 1183 Aug Theodosios Boradiotes
1183 Aug 1186 Feb Basil II Kamaterus (Phylakopulos)
1186 Feb 1189 Feb Niketas II Muntanes
1189 Feb [9 days] Dositheos of Jerusalem (º1)
1189 Feb/Mar 1189 Sep/beg Oct Leontios Theotokites
1189 end Sep/beg Aug 1191 Sep 10 Dositheos of Jerusalem (º2)
1191 Sep 10 1198 Jul 7 George II Xiphilinos
1198 Aug 5 1206 Apr/May John X Kamateros
1208 Mar 20 1214 Aug 26 Michael IV Autoreianus
1212 Sep 28 1216 Jan 31 Theodore II Eirenikos (Kopas)
1216 Jun 3 1216 Dec Maximos II
1217 Jan 1222 May Jun Manuel I Sarantenos (Charitopulos)
1222 Jun 29/30 1240 Germanos II
1240 [3 months] Methodios
1244 1254 just bef Nov 3 Manuel II
1255 1259 Arsenios Autoreianos (º1)

y?

09/30
1260 bef Jan 1 1260 end [less than 1 year] Nikephoros II
1261 Aug 1265 May Arsenios Autoreianos (º2)

*

1265 May 25 1266 Sep 14 Germanos III (Lazos Markutzas)
1266 Dec 28 1275 May Joseph I (º1)

y

11/30
1275 May 26 1282 Dec 26 John XI Bekkos

n

1282 Dec 31 1283 Mar 23 Joseph I (º2)

*

1283 Mar 28 1289 Jun Gregory II (George) Kyprios
1289 Oct 14 1293 Oct 16 Athanasios I (º1)

y

x

10/28
1294 Jan 1 1303 Jun 21 John XII Kosmos

y

1303 Jun 23 1309 Sep Athanasios I (º2)

*

*

1310 May 9 1314 Apr 11 Nephon

y

1315 May 12 1319 May 11 John XIII Glykys

n (y-aft)

1320 Mar 21 1321 Apr 20 Gerasimos I

y

1323 Nov 11 1332 May 13 Isaias

y

1334 Feb 1347 Feb 2 John XIV Aprenos [Kalekas]

n

1347 May 17 1350 Feb/Mar Isidoros I

y

y

1350 Jun 10 1353 Nov Kallistos I (º1)

y

1353 Nov 1354 Nov 22, dep 1355 Jan Philotheos (º1) Kokkinos

y

y

1355 Jan 1363 Aug Kallistos I (º2)

*

1364 Oct 8 1376 Philotheos (º2) Kokkinos

*

1376 1379 Makarios (º1)

y

1379 end 1388 Feb 1 Nilos

y

1389 Jan 12 1390 Aug Anthony IV (º1)

y

1390 Aug 1391 Makarios (º2)

*

1391 Mar 1397 May Anthony IV (º2)

*

1397 May 17 [3 months] Kallistos II Xanthopoulos

y

1397 Nov 1410 Aug Matthew I

y

1410 Oct 25/26 1416 Mar 29 Euthymios II

y

y

03/29
1416 May 21 1439 Jun 10 Joseph II

y

1440 May 4/5 1443 Aug 1 Metrophanes II

y

1443 1459 (left CP in 1450) Gregory III (Mammas) Melissenos Strategopulos

y

1454 Jan 6 1456 Jan 6 Gennadios II Scholarius (º1)
1456 bef May 1462 Spring [d. Mar 31] Isidoros II
1462 prob sum 1463 summer Gennadios II Scholarius (º2)
1463 prob Aug 1464 beg Aug Sophronios I
1464 Aug 1465 Jul Gennadios II Scholarius (º3)
1465 Jul 1466 mid year Joasaph I
1466 mid year 1467 Jan 15 dep Mark Xylokaraves
1466 Nov?Dec 1467 near end Symeon I of Trebizond (º1)
1466 end Dec 1471 near end Dionysios I (º1)

y

y

11/23
1471 near end or 1972 beg 1474 Oct 10? Symeon of Trebizond (º2)
1475 beg 1476 beg Raphael
1476 spring 1481 end or 1482 beg Maximos III Manasses
1482 beg 1486 autumn Symeon of Trebizond (º3)
1486 near end 1488 Niphon II (º1)

later?

y

08/11
1488 Jul 1490 end Dionysios I (º2)
1491 beg 1497 beg Maximos IV

Ath supp

1497 summer 1498 near end summer Niphon II (º2)

*

1498 sum/aut 1502 spring Joachim I (º1)

*

1502 spring Niphon II (º3)
1503 beg 1504 beg Pachomias I (º1)
1504 beg 1504 autumn Joachim I (º2)
1504 autumn 1513 beg Pachomias I (º2)
1513 mid 1522 autumn Theoleptos I
1522 Dec 31 1545 end Jeremias I [longest reign]
[1526 prob spring] [illeg. during abs of Jeremias] [Ioannikios]
1546 Apr 17 1554 after Aug Dionysios II
1554 after Aug 1565 Jan Joasaph II
1565 Jan (or soon after) 1572 May 4 Metrophanes III (º1)

Ath supp

?

1572 May 5 1579 Nov 25 Jeremias II (º1)
1579 Nov 29 1580 Aug 9 Metrophanes III (º2)
1580 Aug 1584 prob near end Feb/beg Mar Jeremias II (º2)
1584 Feb 22 1585 Feb

[Illeg. reign]

Pachomias II
1585 Feb 22 (elected), Mar 10 (enthroned) 1586 after Apr/May Theoleptos II
1586 beg/mid 1595 near end Jeremias II (º3)
1596 beg Feb (20 days) Matthew II (º1)
1596 prob Mar 1596 prob near end Aug Gabriel I
1597 end Feb 1597 Mar 26 Theophanes I Karykes
1597 Mar 27/Apr 2 1598 Mar/April [as director] Meletios I Pegas
1598 Apr 1601 Dec or 1602 Jan/Feb Matthew II (º2)
1602 beg Feb 1603 mid Jan Neophytos II (º1)
1603 Jan/Feb [17 days] Matthew II (º3)
1603 Feb 1607 Oct 1/15 Raphael II
1607 Oct 15 1612 Oct Neophytos II (º2)
1612 near Oct [about a month, as director] Kyril I Lukaris (º1)

y

n

1612 end Oct/beg Nov 1620 Sep 3 Timothy II
1620 Nov 2 1623 Apr 12 Kyril I Lukaris (º2)

*

*

1623 Apr 12 1623 Jun 18 Gregory IV of Amasea
1623 Jun 18 1623 Sep 22 Anthimos II
1623 Sep 22 1633 Oct 4 Kyril I Lukaris (º3)

*

*

1633 Oct 4 1633 Oct 11 Kyril II Kontari (º1)
1633 Oct 11 1634 Feb 25 Kyril I Lukaris (º4)

*

*

1634 Feb 25 1634 Apr 5 Athanasios III Pattelaras (º1)
1633 beg Apr 1635 Mar 1/10 Kyril I Lukaris (º5)

*

*

1635 Mar 1/10 1636 mid Jun Kyril II Kontari (º2)
1636 mid Jun 1637 prob Mar 5 Neophytos III of Nicea
1637 prob Mar 5 1638 Jun 20 Kyril I Lukaris (º6)

*

*

killed by Turks
1638 Jun 20 1639 end Jun Kyril II Kontari (º3)
1639 Jul 1 1644 bef Sep 8 Parthenios I
1644 Sep 8 1646 Nov 16 Parthenios II (º1)
1646 Nov 16 1648 Oct 29 Ioannikios II (º1)
1648 Oct 29 1651 May 16 Parthenios II (º2)
1651 beg Jun 1652 mid Jun Ioannikios II (º2)
1652 mid Jun [8 days] Kyril III (º1)
1652 last 3rd Jun [15 days] Athanasios III Pattelaras (º2)
1652 elected Jun, enthroned Aug 1 1653 beg Apr Paisios I (º1)
1653 last 3rd Apr 1654 beg Apr Ioannikios II (º3)
1654 beg Mar [14 days] Kyril III (º2)
1654 mid Mar 1655 Mar Paisios I (º2)
1655 Mar 1656 after mid Jul Ioannikios II (º4)
1656 Jul 26 1657 Mar 24 Parthenios III
1657 Apr 23 [8 days] Gabriel II
1657 May 1 1662 near end Jun Parthenios IV (º1)
1662 Jun 29 1665 Oct 21 Dionysios III
1665 Oct 21 1667 Sep 9 Parthenios IV (º2)
1667 Sep 9 not recognized Klement
1668 Jan 5 1671 beg Mar Methodios III
1671 beg Mar 1671 Sep 7 Parthenios IV (º3)
1671 Nov 8 1673 Jul 25, in place until Aug 14 Dionysios IV "the Muslim" (º1)
1673 Aug 14 1674 Dec Gerasimos II
1675 Jan 1 1676 prob Jul 29 Parthenios IV (º4)
1676 Jul 29 1679 Jul 29, in place until Aug 2 Dionysios IV "the Muslim" (º2)
1679 Jul 30 1679 Aug 10 Athanasios IV
1679 Aug 10 1682 Jul 30 Jacob (º1)
1682 Jul 30 1684 Mar 10 Dionysios IV "the Muslim" (º3)
1684 Mar 10 1685 Mar 20 Parthenios IV (º5)
1685 Mar 20 1686 near end Mar Jacob (º2)
1686 near end Mar 1687 Oct 12 Dionysios IV "the Muslim" (º4)
1687 Oct 12 1688 Mar 3 Jacob (º3)
1688 Mar 3 1688 Nov 27 Kallinikos II (º1)
1688 Nov 27 1689 Mar 7 Neophytos IV
1689 Mar 7 1693 Jul/Aug Kallinikos II (º2)
1693 Aug 1694 Apr Dionysios IV "the Muslim" (º5)
1694 Apr 1702 Aug 8 Kallinikos II (º3)
1702 mid Aug 1707 Aug 8 Gabriel IV
1707 near Oct 20 [never took possession] Neophytos V
1707 prob end May 1709 near end May Kyprian I (º1)
1709 prob end May 1711 beg Dec Athanasios V
1711 beg Dec 1713 beg Nov Kyril IV
1713 beg Nov 1714 Feb 28 Kyprian I (º2)
1714 Feb 28 1716 Mar 23 Kosmos III
1716 Mar 23/25 1726 Nov 20 Jeremias III (º1)
1726 Nov 20 1732 mid Sep Pasios II (º1)
1732 Sep 15 1733 after mid Mar Jeremias III (º2)
1733 after mid Mar 1734 end Sep Seraphim I
1734 Sep 27 1740 Aug Neophytos VI (º1)
1740 Aug 1743 after mid May Pasios II (º2)
1743 after Mid May 1744 Mar Neophytos VI (º2)
1744 Mar 1748 Sep 28 Pasios II (º3)
1748 Sep 28 1751 end May Kyril V of Nicea (º1)
1751 end May/beg Jun 1752 beg Sep Pasios II (º4)
1752 beg Sep 1757 Jan 16 Kyril V of Nicea (º2)
1757 Jan 16 1757 Jul 22 or 24 Kallinikos III
1757 Jul 22 1761 Mar 26 Seraphim II
1761 Mar 26 1763 May 21 Ioannikios II
1763 May 24 1768 Nov 5 Samuel I (º1)
1768 Nov 5 1769 prob Apr 11 Meletios II
1769 Apr 11 1773 prob Nov 16 Theodosios II
1773 Nov 17 1774 Dec 24 Samuel I (º2)
1776 Dec 24 1780 Oct 8 Sophronios II
1780 Oct 8 1785 Jun 9 Gabriel IV
1785 Jun29/30 or Jul 1 1789 Apr 30 Prokopios I
1789 May 1 1794 Mar 1 Neophytos VII (º1)
1794 Mar 3 1797 Apr 19 Gerasimos III
1797 Apr 19 1798 Dec 18 Gregory V (º1)
1798 Dec 19 1801 Jun 17 Neophytos VII (º2)
1801 Jun 17 1806 Sep 22 Kallinikos IV (º1)
1806 Sep 23 1808 Sep 10 Gregory V (º2)
1808 Sep 10 1809 Apr 23 Kallinikos IV (º2)
1809 Apr 23 1813 Mar 4 Jeremias IV
1813 Mar 4 1818 Dec 3 Kyril VI
1818 Dec 14 1821 Apr 10 Gregory V (º3)

y

y

04/10 killed by Turks
1821 Apr 10 1822 Jul 27 Eugenios II
1822 Jul 28 1824 Jul 9 Anthimos III
1824 Jul 9 1826 Sep 26 Chrysanthos I
1826 Sep 26 1830 Jul 5 Agathangelos I
1830 Jul 6 1834 Aug 18 Konstantios I
1834 Aug 18 1835 Sep 26 Konstantios II
1835 Sep 27 1840 Feb 20 Gregory VI (º1)
1840 Feb 20 1841 May 6 Anthimos IV (º1)
1841 May 6 1842 Jun 12 Anthimos V
1842 Jun 12 1845 Apr 18 Germanos IV (º1)
1845 Apr 18 1845 Nov 28 Meletios III
1845 Dec 4 1848 Oct 18 Anthimos VI (º1)
1848 Oct 19 1852 Oct 30 Anthimos IV (º2)
1852 Nov 1 1853 Sep 16 Germanos IV (º2)
1853 Sep 24 1855 Sep 21 Anthimos VI (º2)
1855 Sep 21 1860 Jul 1 Kyril VII
1860 Oct 4 1863 Aug18 Joachim II (º1)
1863 Sep 20 1866 Dec 4 Sophronios III
1867 Feb 10 1871 Jun 10 Gregory VI (º2)
1871 Sep 5 1873 Sep 30 Anthimos VI (º3)
1873 Nov 23 1878 Aug 5 Joachim II (º2)
1878 Oct 4 1884 Mar 30 Joachim III (º1)

y

1884 Oct 1 1886 Nov 14 Joachim IV
1887 Jan 22 1891 Aug 17 Dionysios V
1891 Nov 8 1894 Oct 24 Neophytos VIII
1895 Jan 19 1896 Oct 31 Anthimos VII
1897 Apr 2 1901 Mar 28 Constantine V
1901 May 26 1912 Nov 13 Joachim III (º2)

*

1913 Jan 28 1918 Oct 12 Germanos V
1918 1921 Vacancy Dorotheos [topotiritis or placekeeper]
1921 Nicholas [placekeeper]
1921 Nov 25 1923 Sep 20 Meletios IV
1923 Dec 6 1924 Nov 17 Gregory VII
1924 Dec 17 1925 May 22 Constantine VI
1925 Jul 13 1929 Sep 29 Basil III
1929 Oct 7 1935 Dec 29 Photios II
1936 Jan 18 1946 Feb 14 Benjamin
1946 Feb 20 1948 Oct 19 Maximos V
1948 Nov 1 1972 Jul 8 Athenagoras
1972 July 16 1991 Oct 2 Demetrios
1991 Oct 22 - Bartholemew

1204

1261

LATIN PATRIARCHS

1204 2nd half 1211 Jun/Jul Thomas Morosoni
1211 1215 (vacancy)
1215 Nov 11/30 1219 Nov 8 Gervase
1219 Nov 1221 Jan (vacancy)
1221 Jan 1226 Nov/Dec Matthew
1226 Dec 23 declined post John Halgrin
1227 2nd half 1233 1st half Simon
1233 1234 (vacancy)
1234 middle 1251 middle Nicholas de Castro Arquato
1251 1253 (vacancy)
1253 Feb 15 1261 Pantaleon Giustiani

1261

1506

Titular Latin Patriarchs

1261 1286 Pantaleon Giustiani
1286 Aug 23 1302 Peter Correr
1302 Jan 7 1305? Leonard Faliero
1308 Jul 31 1331? Nicholas, abhp or Thebes
1332 Apr 13 1335 Cardinalis
1335 Jun 14 1339 Gozio Battaglia
1339 Nov 24 died immediately Roland de Ast
1339 Nov 24 1345 Jan 27 Henry de Ast, bishop of Negroponte
1346 Mar 6 ? Stephen de Pinu
1346 Dec 11 1361 (admini-strator to 1364 William
1364 Jul 5 1366 Jan 6 St. Peter Thomas. abhp of Crete
1366 Apr 17 1370 Paul abhp of Thebes
1371 Feb 10 1375? Hugolin Malabranca
1376 Jan 18 1378 James d'Itri, abhp of Otranto
1379 Jan 15 ? William, bishop of Urbino
c 1379 ? Paul (abhp of Corinth?)
1390 Dec 1 1405 Angelo Correr, bishop of Castello, later Pope Gregory XII 1406
1405 Aug 4 ? Louis, abhp of Mitylene
1408 Jun 13 Antonio Correr, Cardinal administrator
1408 Sep 20 ? Alphonese, abhp of Seville
? 1409 Sep 20, resigned Francis Lando, patriarch of Grado
1409 Aug 23- ? John Contarini
1412 Jul 13 1423 Jun 26 John de La Rochetaillee
1424 Jul 14 ? John Contarini
1451 1459 Gregory Mamme
1459 Apr end 1472 Nov 18 Bessarion, Cardinal
1472 Nov 23 1474 Jan 5 Peter Riario
1474 Mar 9 1493 Oct 16 or

1496 Dec 27

Jerome Lanod, abhp of Crete
1497 Jan 23 1503 Apr 10/11 John Michael, Cardinal
1503 Apr 24 1503 Aug 1 John Borgia, Cardinal
1503 Aug 9 1506 Jul 22 Francis de Lorris, Cardinal

Notes

The table presents the following information

Date1: date of election/appointment/installation

Date2: date of death/exile/deposition
Under "Date",

beg = beginning of
btw = between
dep = deposed
end = end of
exile = exiled
prob = probably

Name: Name of holder of position. Since many patriarchs held the title more than once, the (ºnumber) inside parentheses indicates which of various times this particular time is.

The rendition of of Greek names into English is always problematic. Three solutions are available. The first renders every Greek name in its Latinate or Anglicised form - thus a name such as MAKEDONIOS becomes MACEDONIUS; the second renders every Greek name in direct transliteration - thus IOANNIS for "John"; the third approach is ecletic - it renders names with common English equivalents as the English equivalent, but does not Latinize names with no common English form. This last approach is followed here. On some occasions this requires a judgement call. The following English equivalents are used:

Anthony for ANTONIOS
Basil for BASILIOS
Constantine for KONSTANTINOS
George for GEORGIOS
Gregory for GREGORIOS
John for IOANNIS
Joseph for
Michael for MICHAELOS?
Nicholas for NICOLAUS
Paul for PAULOS
Peter for PETROS
Stephen for STEPHANOS
Theodore for THEODOROS
Timothy for TIMOTHEOS

In some cases the Greek form has been retained either dues to convention, or becuase the English equivalent is rare.

Akakios = Acacius
Eudokios = Eudocius
Eugenios = Eugene
Isidoros = Isidore
Kallinkos = Callincus
Kosmos for Cosmas
Kyriakos = Cyriacus
Kyros = Cyrus
Lukas = Luke
Niketas = Nicetas
Ruphinos = Rufinus

In names which are simialr in Greke and English, but where the usual Latinate ending is "ius" the Greeek "ios" has been maintained (e.g. Athanasios/Athanasius, Maximos/Maximus) .

Monk: if the holder was a monk before election. If a monk after deposition or resignation, this is idicated by "after". "Layman" indicates lay status at appointment. "Ath supp" indicates that the patriarch was known as an Athonite supporter.

Saint: if the holder was later celebrated in calendars.

Feast Day(s): Date on which celebration was/is held.

Sources:

Venance Grumel, La Chronologie, Vol. 1 of Traité d'etudes byzantines, ed. Paul Lemerle, (Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1958), 434-441.

Grumel builds on the list given by S. Vailhé in Dictionnaire de theologie catholique, s.v "Constantinople (Église de)", but makes adjustments based on subsequent studies of shorter periods. The DTC article, which claims to be the first complete list, provides the dates from 1842 to 1901.

The 20th century dates were provided by [who?] following a request I made on the Byzans-l listserv maillist [[email protected]]and updated following a lengthy email from Demetrios Kymenas from Greece, who also provided the traditional dates for the earlier bishops of Byzantium.

CAVEATS

Since canonization was long a haphazard affair in the Orthodox Church, the statuses and feasts of patriarchs before 1081 are taken from the Synaxarium of Constantinople as edited by Hippolyte Delahaye. The saintliness of later patriarchs is not yet secure, based on a variety of pieces of information. Similarly the monastic status of various patriarchs is not definitive in this listing.

Some CommentsOn Monasticization of the Patriarchate

Aristeides Papadakis, The Christian East and the Rise of Papacy, (Crestwood NY: SVS Press, 1994), 306. after Athanasius II all patriarchs but two were monastics. The trend to monasticism became even more intense under Isidore 1347-50. He consecrated thirty two new bishops, for the most part members of the same monastic circle.

On the turnover under the Turkish Rule

Steven Runciman, The Great Church in Captivity, (Cambridge: University Press, 1968) 201-202.
From 1495-1595 - 19 reigns: 1595-to 1695 there were 61 changes of patriarch, but only 31 patriarchs; 1695-1795, 31 reigns, and 23 patriarchs.

B.J. Kidd, The Churches of Eastern Christendom, (London: 1927), 304.
"Out of 159 patriarchs who have held office between the fifteenth and twentieth century, the Turks have on 105 occasions driven Patriarchs from the throne; there have been 27 abdications, often involuntary; 6 Patriarchs have suffered violent deaths by hanging, poisoning, or drowning; and only 21 have died natural deaths while in office", cited in Timothy Ware, The Orthodox Church, (New York: Penguin, 1963), 99






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